DESCRIBING THE PHYSICAL ATTRIBUTES OF CHARACTERS:

Baraja de cartas con cartas hipnóticas

Baraja de cartas con cartas hipnóticas

Suspense and Foreshadowing—Two Great Tools for Writers

I’ve found that foreshadowing and suspense often get confused. Sometimes writers even forget about them. It’s time for a quick reminder about why these are such great tools for writers and how you can use them in your next story.

What is Suspense?

Anyone can put together points in a story’s plot map. You’ve got your inciting incident, a few things that happen to move the story along, then the climax and resolution.

Suspense is what keeps the reader’s eyes glued to the page in between each of those stages.

It works in every genre and helps every story. It may even be what your work is missing if you’re stuck in your WIP because you’ve lost interest.

Example: Carver is a restaurant server and sees his crush, Aiden, get seated at Table 2 with his friends. He’s had this crush for forever and decides it’s now or never. He has to ask Aiden out before he leaves after dinner.

Where’s the suspense?: There’s an emotional suspense in the relatability of feeling nervous about asking someone out after crushing on them for a while. There’s also time-related suspense because sooner than later, Aiden will pay the check and leave. The clock is running out from the moment Carver makes his decision.

Where could you add suspense?: Carver might need to take on more tables because his coworker leaves for a family emergency. He’s rushing around twice as busy for the rest of the night. Then other guests need extra things, like another set of silverware or a ketchup refill. The night passes quickly, so Carver almost misses Aiden walking out to his car.

What is Foreshadowing?

Foreshadowing helps build your suspense. It’s one of the key ingredients that you can work into your first draft while you’re writing or while you’re in the editing process.

You don’t need foreshadowing in every story to create suspense or keep your reader interested. However, it can be a great way to support it.

Example: After Carver decides to stop by Aiden’s table before he leaves, he’s so busy serving other tables that the group in his window booth get up and leave. They’re irritated that their food is late, so they talk with the manager before leaving for another restaurant.

Why is this foreshadowing?: It demonstrates how the events building the suspense—the other server leaving suddenly and forcing Carver to serve twice as many tables—make it more likely that Carver will miss Aiden. It also mirror’s Carver’s Worst Case Scenario: that he’s now too busy to fulfill his goal before Aiden leaves, because he was too busy with his other tables to get food to his guests before they left too.

Other Forms of Suspense

Suspense can happen in a few ways besides general plot points. You can also heighten the tension with things like:

Making your characters feel the suspense for the reader (they get anxious, start acting out of fear, feel their stomach knot up, verbally snap at another character).

Changing the scenery (the lights go dark because the power goes out, other characters step between the protagonist and their goal, the protagonist must leave due to an unforeseen reason).

Using specific descriptive word choices (maybe the vibe in a room becomes tense, someone feels agitated, a foul odor burns at the protagonist’s nose and makes them uncomfortable)

Varying your sentence structure (choppy sentences create suspense, while long sentences sound more monotonous).

Introducing conflict for the protagonist (make things go wrong so they have to sweat through a few challenges to reach their goals).

Other Forms of Foreshadowing

You may have heard of a few of these before, but they could still be something your story needs to deepen your plot or become more gripping. Think about adding foreshadowing tools like:

Flashbacks: maybe your protagonist has tried and failed/succeeded at a similar goal before

Chekov’s gun: introduce something that your character will use in the future (could be a literal gun, an object that they’ll use later to accomplish their goal, a person they’ll come back to for the friendship they seek, a trauma they’re pushing away and eventually have to face)

A prophecy: could be a literal prophecy from an oracle, but could also be something lighthearted in a fortune cookie, a Magic 8 ball, something a character mentions in passing to the protagonist, etc.

Symbolism: your character might set out for their first day on a job and drive there in a terrible thunderstorm, show up to the wrong location, immediately break the copy machine, etc. Something negative in the environment or a character making a bad choice/mistake can be symbolic for their overall goal or phase of life.

A red herring: your character believes somebody or something to be their antagonist/the reason for their conflicts, but it turns out to be something or somebody else

When to Use Foreshadowing or Suspense

It would be great if every writer knew exactly how to use one or both of these tools while they were working through their first draft. That might be possible if you’ve spent a long time figuring out the exact plot before sitting down to write, but that isn’t always the case.

You could add new elements of suspense or moments of foreshadowing while you’re in the process of writing. Just make sure you note what your wrote and why so you can carry that thread through to its completion or revelation later on.

You can also add these moments while editing. If your first draft feels like it’s missing something, adding in a new conflict and revising to work it into the rest of the draft could greatly improve your story. It’s also possible to drop a foreshadowing device in one chapter and jump ahead to another to make it reappear/complete the foreshadowing.

Can we talk? Language, society, and consciousness

The story of human evolution does not end with the appearance of Homo sapiens in Africa 200,000 years ago, or with the subsequent migrations to Europe, Asia and the rest of the world. Our curiosity about our origins demands that we try to explain why it is this particular species that goes on to dominate the planet.

The answer, of course, is our particularly human form of consciousness, the development and use of language and the growth of complex social structures. The evidence suggests that these developments were intimately linked, driven by feedback loops. The FOXP2 gene may be responsible for literally wiring the brain for the capability of language, among other things. It encourages the growth of interconnections between neurons which, when combined with a larger frontal lobe and the anatomical changes necessary for vocalizing speech, make the human instinct for language inevitable.

British evolutionary psychologist Robin Dunbar argues that language allowed us to socialize, to build relationships with each other through gossip, and one-to-many bonding through the telling of stories and jokes. As social interactions became more complex, neural capacities expanded in response.

The result is the Great Leap Forward, the transition to behavioural modernity and the emergence of modern humans, which is thought to have occurred about 50,000 years ago.

Image: Etologic horse study, Chauvet cave, by Thomas T. CC-BY-SA-2.0 via Flickr.

Failures

Your past failures have brought you closer to what you are now, even making you a more interesting person.

Las Realidades

Decía Octavio Paz en su libro “El Laberinto de la Soledad”, que niños y adultos pueden trascender su soledad, es decir, pueden traspasar esa soledad, pero aquellos que buscan su identificación y sus pretendidas formas de ser, entre ese laberinto de la soledad respecto a su ser, se definen más por lo que HACEN, que por lo que DICEN SER en esas pretendidas formas de su ser, y sus definiciones de cómo se ven. Entonces la verdadera definición del ser humano, no está en las categorías, ni en los estigmas ni en los espejos, sino en las realidades de un concepto, de una idea, y su expresión en un mundo físico, lo cual siempre me congratulo hacer, porque soy mas por lo que hago, que por lo que digo de mis pretendidas formas de ser, y así les quito las definiciones a los otros de mi ser.

Espacio Personal

Es este espacio, algo personal. Esta disenado para alguno que otro loco, entre familiares, parientes, excompaneros de clase y amigos. Tiene este espacio, alguno que otro detalle (como los buenos regalos que se envuelven en navidad) e intentan transmitir buena vibra, sentimientos a veces encontrados, emociones a flor de piel, situaciones que se intentan condensar para narrar, para transmitir, para transportar al escucha a una serie de contenidos que pretenden tocarlos, acerca de la naturaleza humana. Con arte, con delicadeza, con tino, con armonia, con belleza en su formas. Es como un desvan, donde se guardan las cosas apreciadas por el tiempo, para su utilizacion en un futuro cercano. Entre las experiencias vicarias, personales, ajenas, blogueros de tumblr y amigos, se construye la materia prima de sus contenidos, esperando siempre que sean del agrado de aquellos que entran a estos espacios perdidos.

The old caricature of the composer is gone forever, which is, in my opinion, another good thing. As a composer myself, I strive to put my creativity first, no matter what tools I may use to realize my ideas.

Robert Raines explores the impact technology has had on the role of the musical composer (via oupacademic)

As a matter of fact, there are some, already written in our soul, needed to be unfolded by ourselves, -like a curtain in a window being moved to let the light get inside-  and they represent the true meaning of life in one specific human being.