Since 2014, millions of Uyghurs, Kazakhs and other minorities have been locked up in China and subjected to torture and forced labour. Some of those freed talk about trying to rebuild their lives in neighbouring Kazakhstan.
Photography by Robin Tutenges
A Chinese course book
Saliman Yesbolat used to live in Ghulja county, Xinjiang. After she refused to denounce her Uyghur neighbours to the police, she was forced to perform the raising of the Chinese flag every Monday at dawn, and to attend Chinese lessons twice a week in the basement of her building, where she would learn the Chinese language, patriotic songs and Xi Jinping's discourses by heart. This is her exercise book.
Forced to leave China
At 65, Imam Madi Toleukhan is one of the oldest refugees in Bekbolat, Kazakhstan, where more than 100 families took shelter after fleeing the Chinese regime. 'We were richer back there. I owned a herd, but I was too afraid for my sons, my grandchildren and their future: I came to Kazakhstan to save them. I didn't want them to be the fourth generation to suffer at the hands of the Chinese government, he says.
Remembering Uyghur culture in exile
Two members of the Dolan Ensemble, a Uyghur dance troupe based in Kazakhstan, get ready before performing a traditional dance to mark 40 days since the birth of a baby. Founded in 2016, the troupe performs at festivals or private events that bring together members of the Uyghur community, some of whom have had to leave Xinjiang.
Torture, infertility and damaged genitalia
In Kazakhstan, medical care for camp survivors is poor. Most victims can barely afford to see a family doctor. Anara*, an endocrinologist in a Kazakh hospital who has examined about 50 camp survivors since 2020, noticed recurrent infertility problems among her patients. 'Men or women, many have damaged genitalia. Some told me they'd been given drugs, others said they'd been raped. As they didn't come to us right after being released from the camps, it's impossible to know what kind of drugs they were administered in Xinjiang, she says. *Not her real name
The tiger chair
Ospan* spent a year in a re-education camp. He says his mind and body were crushed by the tortures he experienced in a tiger chair - a steel apparatus with handcuffs that restrains the body in painful positions. Aged about 50, this former shepherd, who took refuge with his family in eastern Kazakhstan, is no longer fit for work. Physically wrecked and prone to headaches, he mourns the loss of his memory above all. 'I used to know a lot of songs and I loved to sing; I also knew poems by heart ... Now, I can't sing any more, I can't remember the words,' he says. *Not his real name
Broken families and imprisonment
Aikamal Rashibek saw the dreadful efficiency of the CCP's brainwashing on her husband, Kerimbek Bakytali, after he was released from a Chinese psychiatric hospital. 'He disappeared for a year. When he came back, he didn't tell me anything about what happened to him. He was highly unhinged, always nervous, and got angry whenever I asked questions. He couldn't stop repeating that he hated Kazakhstan now, and that he wanted to go back to China with the kids to give them a Chinese education, says Aikamal. They are now separated.
Missing loved ones in China’s camps
In March 2017, Miyessar Muhedamu, left, a Uyghur woman, was arrested in Xinjiang under the pretext that she had studied Arabic in Egypt when she was young. Her husband, Sadirzhan Ayupov, right, and her three children have not seen her since. Now that Miyessar has left the camp, Sadirzhan receives a short call every few months. He suspects she might have suffered abuse, yet Miyessar can’t speak freely. ‘She told me she’d been in a re-education camp, and that she’d been released. When I ask her what she went through there, she doesn’t answer,’ says Sadirzhan.
Life after fleeing China
Sent to a re-education camp in 2018 at the age of 64, Yerke* saw her health quickly deteriorate. Locked a tiny cell with dozens of other women, she almost lost the use of her legs due to the cold floor she had to lie on. She was in the camp when she learned of her son’s death: pressured by the Chinese authorities, he took his own life. After her release, Yerke fled to Kazakhstan with some family members, but two of her children remain in China. *Not her real name
Forced labour and confessions
Dina Nurdybay, 32, was arrested in Nilka county, Xinjiang, because her traditional Kazakh clothing business made her a separatist, according to the Chinese authorities. She spent 11 months between two re-education camps, a CCP school and a forced-labour sewing factory. After proving she was capable of being ‘well behaved’ and having performed a self-criticism in front of the whole village, Dina was released and managed to escape when she obtained a week’s leave to visit her ailing father in Kazakhstan.
Cultural genocide
China’s repression of ethnic minorities also involves cultural genocide. As Muslim rituals are forbidden in Xinjiang, people are trying to keep their traditions alive across borders. Here, a family is praying together in Kazakhstan after the death of one of their relatives in Xinjiang. They could not repatriate the body because the border between the two countries was closed at the time.
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When will fucking russians finally run out of the holiday spirit of giving.
Drones and missiles. Again.
Instead of celebrating New Year, yesterday we had a national mourning day. By the time the morning comes, we will have more reasons to mourn. Those of us who will survive, that is.
Donate to ukrainian army
I hate this world.
hate to live in the world where the fate of my country depends on the usa elections even though i live on the other side of the planet
Hi everyone,
Thank you very much for your support. The whole family is heartwarmed over your kindness. We're still piecing together what happened and the next steps, but of course dealing with multiple governments and also OPSEC are complicating the matter. There's already misinformation about her circulating in the news cycles, so be very skeptical about what you read, even if it's a reputable publication. Russia's propaganda machine is very well-oiled at the moment.
Once we've got solid, sharable information, I'll post it here for you. That may take up to a week or possibly even longer, though. We've been warned through many channels that the Russian trolls keep watch for unguarded family statements.
That's not to say that her story won't be told! I intend for EVERYONE to know what a special, amazing person she was. I knew this from the moment I met her - it's why I married her.
Russia (Muscovy) is an evil imperialist nation, and this is largely unchanged since Catherine the Great. I rarely (if ever) use the word "evil", but it really is the correct usage in this case. I've been keeping a close watch on geopolitics over the past two years, and for the first time I'm hopeful as I observe Europe beginning to awaken, Japan and allies quietly preparing in the East, and America's backbone returning (despite the current socio-political instability and their awkward partnerships).
We will defeat this evil. We've done it before in Germany and Japan and Italy. Totalitarianism is doomed to lose.
Слава Україні. Слава вільному світу.
“ordinary russians are not guilty of anything and shouldn't be held responsible for the actions of their authorities”
meanwhile:
ordinary russians voluntarily join the russian army to kill Ukrainians and Syrians
ordinary russians organize safari hunting and killing Ukrainian civilians with drones
ordinary russians torture and execute Ukrainian and Syrian civilians and soldiers, filming it on camera
ordinary russians come to the destroyed occupied territories and arrange "fancy and mysterious" photoshoots like it's some kind of disneyland
ordinary russians go abroad to willingly glorify russia at pro-russian rallies
ordinary russians persecute and kill Ukrainians abroad
ordinary russians export stolen Ukrainian clothes, household appliances and cars to russia
ordinary russians buy all these stuff knowing perfectly well and seeing from the labels that these things were stolen from the houses and shops of murdered Ukrainians
ordinary russians donate to support the russian army
ordinary russians make shells and drones at factories in three shifts
ordinary russians sew equipment
ordinary russian activists weave camouflage nets, make trench candles and collect donations for the russian army
ordinary russian truck drivers bring all this to the frontlines
ordinary russians make software for missiles
ordinary russian tourists go on vacation to the russian-occupied Crimea
ordinary russians sell and buy apartments in occupied territories whose residents were killed
ordinary russians write happy comments after shelling Ukrainian homes markets hospitals and schools
ordinary russian doctors go to the frontlines to save russian soldiers
ordinary russians work in prisons and torture prisoners of war with starvation
ordinary russian teachers in the occupied territories reeducate Ukrainian children
ordinary russian social workers kidnap and take Ukrainian children to russia
ordinary russian miners extract coal for steel smelting
ordinary russian metallurgists work three shifts at blast furnaces to melt steel
ordinary russian celebrities shoot pro-russian films, write pro-russian songs and call to join the russian army
ordinary russians organize mass protests in russia against the closing of McDonald's, but not against the war
ordinary russian children draw pictures of russian soldiers brutally killing Ukrainians
ordinary russian artists in russia and abroad create pro-russian art glorifying russia and the russian army
ordinary russians create videogames that promote russian brutality and the army
ordinary russian teachers teach children to hate other nations
ordinary russian trainers prepare children for warfare and murder
ordinary russians ignore russian crimes on the territory of Ukraine and Syria as they ignored crimes on the territory of Georgia. because they believe it has nothing to do with them and it shouldn't affect their comfortable lifestyle.
should i go on?
Putin is not the cause of russian brutality, terrorism and bloodthirstiness. Putin is a consequence.
before Putin, there were other presidents, other tsars and other authorities in russia. only one thing has not changed — russian imperialism and chauvinism.
don't be silent and please continue to support Ukraine! don't let your politicians betray Ukraine, Ukraine needs help to defeat russia!
The last time I was genuinely happy was in the summer of 2021.
My grandad called me and told me to come outside so he could buy me some ice cream. We stood there discussing what I was planning to do in Odesa, and he joked about our grandmother being a hard woman to live with, but we loved her nonetheless. Five days later, I would lose him. Six months later, the full-scale invasion would start. Nothing would ever be the same again.
That could've been you in Bucha, you know that? they didn’t choose who to kill, they killed everyone on their path? Your luck, then, that you were born in the western part of the country. The only thing you lost are your childhood memories of Crimea, Melitopol, and Zatoka, not your home. But the war continues: your flat could still become the final destination of a hypersonic missile. Don't forget it. Hopefully, you won't hear the siren that night and will die in your sleep. Hopefully, they will find the remains. Hopefully, it will be the entire family, so you won't suffer without each other. Because at the end of the day, your death would mean nothing but pain for your loved ones. The world will keep on spinning; missile parts will be sent to Russia. People will still pity the Russians, but they won't pity you or your family.
Suddenly, you realize that you no longer believe in what you believed before. Do you believe in something good? Well, your small, naive inner child is still alive then. Barely. What? You thought those institutions were meant to maintain peace? That's funny. Probably, that peace is more needed in expensive restaurants hundreds of kilometers away from the frontline.
I genuinely don't know why I'm writing this post again. Is it to be seen by the same 10 people? I know they feel the same. We just sit here together, slowly going mad, hoping someone will finally react. Maybe someone who reblogs your fandom post will find some sympathy. But sympathy is not what I need; I want to be heard.
Fuck you watched "Don't Look Up" with an ironic smile on your lips. And now, you are the main character.
All of you here preach about giving voice to the oppressed, but are you really doing it? The moment you become uncomfortable, it suddenly becomes not your business - "keep ___ out of politics." God, I would've loved that. I would've loved to not know anything. Not to know the names of military equipment. Not to understand that your life can literally depend on the presidential election in a completely different country.
I'm so tired of fighting for my right to be heard. I'm so tired of having to prove my right to live, to speak my own language. "Your country doesn't exist," "Your language is artificial; speak human (Russian)." Don't be too emotional. Don't hate Russians. Don't wish them anything bad. Don't open your mouth. Don't call out organizations. Just shut the fuck up or die.
No one will care if the biggest country in Europe disappears. No one will care if millions die. If your culture will finally be dealt with, if Russia will finally succeed in doing so. A thousand years of history can burn down in just one night. No one will bat an eye.
The world will keep on spinning.
on this day two years ago, russia's missile attack on the Kramatorsk train station killed 61 civilians trying to evacuate.
the attack targeted a vital lifeline for those fleeing war-torn regions. we will never forget and will never forgive. please stand with Ukraine in our fight for freedom and peace.
it's always 'ukraine was being invaded', not 'russian-ukrainian war'. always. it always was, as if russians didn't bomb one of europe's largest printing houses in kharkiv last week and the invasion ended after 2 months. it's always invasion, as if russians don't bomb the whole ukrainian territory every single day - civil infrastructure, residential quarters, schools and printing houses. you're against terrorism, violence and war crimes until you're uncomfortable. because for some reason, the world is absolutely comfortable with russia killing thousands of ukrainians. of course, it's not comfortable to live in a world with a literal war in europe. but how comfortable is it to live in a warring country that is being destroyed every day? how comfortable are children to go to school only to spend half the day in a shelter? how comfortable are people waking up without knowing if they will even wake up tomorrow? or if their close ones will wake up tomorrow?
you're either with a terrorist state, or with ukraine. there is nothing outside of politics. you are politics. people's lives are also politics. being neutral is the same support for russia. choose a side.
BBC not even trying to hide its bias anymore.
🇵🇸🍉 Небосхил | 🇺🇦 | artist | укр/eng/pol | https://linktr.ee/neboskhyl
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