Top 10 Myths About Introverts

Study because it makes you smarter. Every time you dive into a new topic, you're not just memorizing facts; you're building a sharper, more agile mind. The breadth of your knowledge will never be a hindrance; it will only ever propel you further in life.

Study because it opens doors. Knowledge is your ticket to new opportunities. Whether it's landing your dream job, travelling the world, or just being able to hold your own in any conversation, the more you know, the further you can go.

Study because it builds discipline. Setting aside time to study teaches you valuable skills like time management and self-discipline. These habits will serve you well in all areas of life, long after you’ve closed the textbooks.

Study because you want to improve yourself. Self-improvement isn't just about hitting the gym or eating right. It's about feeding your mind and growing as a person. Each study session is a step towards a better, more informed you.

Study because it’s a privilege. Not everyone has the opportunity to learn. Embrace the privilege of education and make the most of it. Honor those who fought for the right to study by making the most of your own education.

Learn Japanese with me #1

Today is september 11, 2022

Let’s begin with numbers. I won’t use any kana for a time, we’ll introduce them later at a slow pace. 

1. The single numbers

   1 = ichi

   2 = ni

   3 = san

   4 = yon (shi)

   5 = go

   6 = roku 

   7 = nana (shichi)

   8 = hachi

   9 = kyuu (ku)

  10 = juu

The words in parentheses are alternative names for those numbers. Sometimes those names are evaded due to the fact that they’re pronounciations for other words regarded as unlucky words, like shi which is the same sound for death and ku which is the same sound for suffering.

2. The teens

These are very simple to work with, and the dynamics to build them are pretty much the same as those of roman numerals. What we do is that we take juu -10- and right after it we place a single number, like this:

11 = juu ichi

12 = juu ni

13 = juu san

14 = juu yon

15 = juu go

16 = juu roku

17 = juu nana

18 = juu hachi

19 = juu kyuu

3. The tens

For these numbers we take a very similar approach to the previous ones, just inverting the order. Like this:

20 = ni juu

30 = san juu

40 = yon juu

50 = go juu

60 = roku juu

70 = nana juu

80 = hachi juu

90 = kyuu juu

4. The hundreds

For 100 we use hyaku, and in order to make bigger numbers from it we just use it in a similar fashion to juu, with some exceptions:

200 = ni hyaku

300 = sanbyaku

400 = yon hyaku

500 = go hyaku

600 = roppyaku

700 = nana hyaku

800 = happyaku

900 = kyu hyaku

5. The thousands

For 1000 we say sen or issen. To build the multiple integers of 1000 we put the name of the integer before sen, with some exceptions:

2000 = ni sen

3000 = san zen

4000 = yon sen

5000 = go sen

6000 = roku sen

7000 = nana sen

8000 = hassen

9000 = kyuu sen

So now, we can build any integer number from 0 to 9999:

46 = yon juu roku

357 =  san byaku go juu nana

7569 = nana sen go hyaku roku juu kyuu

Notice how the name looks like we are adding 7000 + 500 + 60 + 9.

I’m gonna leave it here, today. Hope you may find this useful, and I’ll see you soon :3

がんばってね！

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Seguir leyendo

#Japanese Most Common #Adjectives - Part 3 🌴🌳 PS: Learn Japanese with the best FREE online resources, just click here: https://www.japanesepod101.com/?src=tumblr_adjecives-3_image_082522

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words about words in japanese

I just watched 舟を編む, it was crazy good. I want more animes about dictionaries!!! So anyway I made a vocab list inspired by that anime :) please let me know if there are any mistakes.

言語　「げんご」　language

言語学　「げんごがく」　linguistics

言葉　「ことば」　words

単語　「たんご」　vocabulary

文　「ぶん」　sentence

語彙　「ごい」　vocabulary

辞書　「じしょ」　dictionary

辞典　「じてん」　dictionary

字引　「じびき」　dictionary

（辞書・辞典・字引）を引く　「ひく」　look up in a dictionary

語幹　「ごかん」　word root, stem 

語末　「ごまつ」　ending, suffix

語感　「ごかん」　feeling of a word, nuance

文語　「ぶんご」　literary language

語釈　「ごしゃく」　interpretation of a word

定義　「ていぎ」　definition

語源　「ごげん」　etymology

語学　「ごがく」　language study

語学者　「ごがくしゃ」　linguist

文法　「ぶんぽう」　grammar

古語　「こご」　old, archaic word

古語辞典　「こごじてん」　dictionary of classical japanese

手話　「しゅわ」　sign language

対訳　「たいやく」　dual language book, bilingual book

言葉を大事にする　「ことばをだいじにする」　to take care with your expressions

表現　「ひょうげん」　expression, phrase

dictionaries:

言海　「げんかい」：  the first modern japanese dictionary, written by 大槻文彦　（おおつきふみひこ）　in 1891. meaning “great sea of words” (this was mentioned in 舟を編む!)

広辞苑　「こうじえん」：  the most authoritative single-volume dictionary of　Japanese, literally “wide garden of words”

大辞林　「だいじりん」：  another single-volume dictionary created to　compete with Koujien. Literally “Great forest of words”  

漢和辞典　「かんわじてん」：  kanji dictionary  (general)

⇒大漢和辞典 「だいかんわじてん」　is the most definitive kanji dictionary, with over 50,000 characters, and 530,000 kanji compound words. 

大渡海　「だいとかい」： the fictional dictionary from 舟を編む, literally “great passage”, created to cross the sea of words （言海）

I think Japanese has very pretty dictionary naming practices. Do other languages have this? I’m not sure. 

Edit: I made the assumption that as I left the original posters name on the photo and the fact it is a photo people could deduce that it was not my own.

I found this image on Pinterest and thought it would be helpful, I attempted to find the original to reblog but the name @ceebycee does not come up when I search it and I was unable to find the original.

I do not claim this is my post and I am not trying to steal someone else's just thought that it could be helpful.

I'm sorry if I have caused any issues or offend anyone in sharing this information.

14.1) Conditional Forms (なら)

In section 13 we talked about Japanese compound sentences and the different ways to form them. Now let’s talk about a very important kind of compound sentence - the conditional. Let’s look at one of the conditionals - なら.

As always, here is your vocabulary:

【The Grammar of なら】

なら can be attached to all of the Japanese 4 main parts of speech. Take a look at the following chart:

For the verbs and adjectives, I separated the non-past and the past forms on purpose. More on that later. 

You may be thinking, “Wow, なら is a very special particle!” It turns out that なら is not actually a particle. More on that later as well.

【The Compound Sentence Connection】

なら ties in well with section 13 and compound sentences. Before, we talked about 2 or more clauses that came together to make one longer sentence. The clauses we looked at before were independent clauses - this means each clause was its own sentence.

Compound sentences with なら are a little different. The first clause is dependent. This means that it can’t stand on its own. It’s the same with English. “If I go” is not a complete sentence because it leaves you hanging.

When we look at examples using なら, the first clause will be dependent (because it sets up a condition) and the second clause will be independent (it can be a full sentence by itself).

【Context Is King】

なら basically means “if”. However one very important thing to understand is that なら requires previous context. For example, if you tell your sister that you are going to the store, the conversation might go as follows:

You: I’ll be right back, I’m going to the store.

Your Sister: Oh in that case, can you get me a soda?

The “Oh in that case” takes the context of you going to the store and makes it a condition. IF that condition is true, then the request applies. Without context (if you use なら out of the blue) your listener or reader may be caught off guard because the “condition” part will seem to come out of nowhere. 

Notice that in English, “oh in that case” refers to going to the store. In Japanese, なら often seems like it is repeating the same thing twice. This is OK because it simply shows that there is context. Keep this in mind as we look at 4 different ways that you might see なら used.

【なら Is Not Certain】

The next thing to understand is that you can only use なら if the condition is not certain. For example, in Japanese you couldn’t say, “If New Years comes, let’s celebrate.” using なら. It’s the same reason why “When New Years comes” sounds more natural in English - New Years is definitely going to come. For conditions that will definitely happen, we will need a different conditional.

【1-Conditionals】

Now let’s get to the main way you will see なら used - talking about conditions.

①｛友達が来るなら｝、｛ピザを注文する｝。

= if friend comes, order pizza

= I will order pizza if your/my friend is going to come

Remember that there must be some context. This might be a couple talking about the next day’s plans. Before example 1, maybe one person said “Oh my friend is coming”. That would be the context necessary to use なら.

The next thing to understand about なら is the translation of clause 1. 友達が来る can mean 2 different things: ”friend comes (many times)” OR “friend is going to come (one time)”. なら forces the second meaning. Example 1 doesn’t say “every time my friend comes, I will order pizza.” That is a different conditional form!

The action attached to なら is a future condition. Clause 2 will happen first IF clause 1 is going to happen in the future. If the friend is going to come, the ordering of the pizza will happen beforehand. This is why in the English translation, I switched the order of the clauses and I used the “is going to come” version. 

Here are 4 translations of the verb 行く used with なら:

You can see that the past forms of the verbs have no alternate meaning to worry about.

【More Examples】

②｛近いなら｝、｛歩きましょう｝。

= if close, let’s walk

= Let’s walk if it’s going to be close.

③ ｛あの大学に行くなら｝｛自転車が便利｝。

= if go to that university, bicycle is useful

= A bike will be useful If you are going to go to that university.

④ ｛外からなら｝｛撮ってもかまいません｝。

= if from outside, taking a picture is no problem

= It will be no problem if you are going to take the picture from outside.

【2-Recommendations】

Another way you might see なら used is in advertisements for products or places. You can think of this pattern as “If you are going to A, B is for you”.

⑤ {東京のマンションを買うなら｝、｛グッドコムアセット｝

= If you are going to buy an apartment in Tōkyō, Good Com Asset (is for you)

The picture above says “If you are going to read manga, Book Live (is for you)”

The nuance here is that it is a recommendation because the writer or company has knowledge about the place or product. This is the context behind this usage of なら. For more examples of this usage, type “なら CM” into Google Search and check out the images that come up.

【3-Showing Trust / Knowledge】

A related way you might see なら used is to express trust in, or show that you are knowledgeable about someone or something. One way to translate this usage is “Knowing A, B.”

⑥ 自身を持ちなさい。｛あなたなら｝｛出来ますよ｝。

= Have confidence. If you, can do it

= Have confidence. Knowing you, you can do it.

⑦｛この車なら｝、｛６人乗れる｝。

= If this car, six people can ride

= Knowing this car, 6 people can fit inside.

For these examples the context is that the speaker knows the listener in example 6 and the car in example 7 well. You’ll notice that with this usage, なら mostly attaches to nouns and pronouns.

But if なら ends the first clause, how can it be a particle? The answer is that なら is actually the conditional form of the copula! This is why it can attach to nouns to end clauses.

【4-A Substitute For は】

Finally, なら sometimes acts like a substitute for は. Remember that は has two functions - it can mark the topic and/or it can place a spotlight on whatever it is attached to.

⑧ ｛今なら｝、｛安いよ｝。

= if now, it’s cheap

= If you go / do / buy it now, it will be cheap.

⑨ ｛ダイソーなら｝｛何でも買えるよ｝。

= if Daisō, anything can be bought

= If you go to Daisō, you can buy anything.

In example 8, it is because it’s now that it is cheap. If it were any other time, maybe it wouldn’t be cheap. Likewise in example 9, you can buy anything because it’s Daisō*. Any other store and this might not be the case.

You can see how you might replace なら with は and keep the same nuance.

【Conclusion】

So that was an in-depth look at なら and the 4 ways you might see it used in everyday Japanese. Later on, we will look at comparisons between the conditional forms, but for now just remember that (1) なら needs context and (2) it attaches to a future condition. If the first clause is going to happen, the second clause will happen before it.

If you have any questions let me know. See you for the next post in this series on conditional forms!

Rice & Peace,

– AL (アル)

👋🏾

*Daisō is a 100-yen shop where most products are 100 yen. Be careful going there without knowing exactly what you need; you’ll end up buying WAAY more than you necessary! 😅

Most Common Nouns in Japanese 🚍💬 PS: Learn Japanese with the best FREE online resources, just click here https://www.japanesepod101.com/?src=tumblr_infographic_common_nouns_17_052523