Faye Cole was a young Mother who lived in Jeff Dahmer’s old neighborhood of Pammel Court. Jeff would play with her three year old son and can be seen in a photo attending the child’s birthday party. Faye remarked that she always remembered Jeff’s “beautiful blue eyes.”
Grilling Dahmer, chapter 2:
I entered first and saw three more uniformed cops, all dripping with sweat. They were straddling a Caucasian male suspect, who lay face down on the floor, handcuffed behind his back and shackled at the feet. One officer had his knee firmly in the suspect's back, another held his leg-ironed feet, and the third cop wiped his face with a hanky. Their uniforms looked just as unkempt as the first officer's.
I looked at the suspect as he lay on the floor. His light-colored hair was greasy and wet with perspiration. The faded denim shirt he wore was drenched with sweat, and I noticed he was bleeding slightly from the corner of his mouth. There was an obvious rug burn on his right elbow, glistening blood red. He appeared completely defeated, but his condition showed that a great struggle brought him to that point. He was motionless but made an ever-so-faint crying whine, like that of a child or a cat in the night.
The suspect walked slowly as he tried to negotiate the leg irons. His head was bowed over his slouched shoulders, but even in this position, I could tell he was over six feet and in good shape.
The wagon pulled up to the entrance of the apartment building, so the trip from the door was quick. I assisted the suspect into the wagon and climbed in after him. The two conveying officers got in the front and drove away toward the station. No one said a word as we cruised back downtown. I eyed the suspect as we rode. Although he was a good-sized man, he appeared almost fragile, sitting hunched over and trembling slightly. At the station, he cooperated-almost zombie-like as I led him into the prisoner elevator and up to the interrogation rooms on the fourth floor.
Once inside, I pointed to the cuffs and leg irons and said, "Take these off him."
"Look, Pat, I wouldn't do that. I had to fight with this fuckhead and he's no pussy." I looked at the copper and his pudgy partner and I knew he was not kidding.
I turned to the suspect. "Hey, if you give me your word you won't act up, we can take these off."
For the first time, the suspect looked at me directly and I caught his steely blue eyes. He nodded in affirmation and I motioned again for the officers to remove his shackles.
Grilling Dahmer, chapter 22/23:
Two deputies flanked Jeff and returned him to the holding cell. I walked over to him, standing alone, locked inside. As I approached, he moved closer to the bars of his cell. I reached through and took his outstretched hand. "Pat, I want to thank you for everything you did for me," he said. Shaking his hand for what I believed would be the last time, I said, “Good luck, Jeff. Take care of yourself." Then I turned and walked away.
People always say that I must have seen evil in his eyes as I sat down face to face with him during our interrogations, and I have to honestly tell them that I didn't. I saw a very normal, ordinary guy who-when we talked about things other than his crimes seemed very much like me, like you, like anybody you would meet.
“Despite Dahmer's crimes, Kennedy describes an odd kind of kinship that developed as he genuinely began accepting Dahmer's remorse for his numerous murders, and therefore experienced some grief when Dahmer was beaten to death a few years later. Kennedy quickly adds that he didn't befriend Dahmer at all during the time they spent meeting, and never considered him as anything other than a murder suspect. He did not continue to correspond with him and, in fact, never saw him again after Dahmer was led off to serve his sentence.”
More about Kennedy perspective:
As strange as it may seem, Jeffrey really trusted Detective Kennedy, and on the other hand Detective Kennedy low-key liked Dahmer. Without the help of Kennedy, Jeffrey wouldn’t opened up so easily.
If you’re interested to know more support the author and get the book!
I decided I could post my personal reviews about Dahmer’s books I’ve read, with a unique review template I created hoping it works well. I hope these can help people who wants to buy Dahmer’s books or just create a discussion with people who read them as well. With this I don’t mean to say my opinion is absolute, tastes are different and I saw people who have different opinions than mines already. I also want to state I’m not a professional at this, everything is amateurish and I manly did this for fun. I’m not even a big reader too. So let’s take it easy, everything is personal! Also: I’m currently reading more, so as I’ll finish the other books I can post the new ones too!
These are all the books I’ve read till now, but more are coming since I have some more few books at home which are waiting. I’m not sure when I’ll be able to start/finish them, but for now I can offer you the most discussed Dahmer books at least.
Books I’m going to do a review next:
The Psych Reports by Taylor James*;
Monster: The True Story of the Jeffrey Dahmer Murders by Anne E Schwartz*;
Milwaukee Massacre: Jeffery Dahmer and the Milwaukee Murders by Robert Dvorchak;
The Jeffrey Dahmer Story: An American Nightmare by Don Davis.
*the books I’m planning to read next
What’s the story of your username ?
I like pyramids. But my first idea was Pyramidhead. Then it was already taken and this name was a creature from Silent Hill. I changed my mind and I put soul instead of head. There’s no particular reason behind it
Thank you Patrick Kennedy, you’re a true inspiration
Detective Patrick Kennedy is best known for extricating a horrifying confession from one of history’s most notorious serial killers, Jeffrey Dahmer. He was the first person that broke through to Dahmer, and one of the only people to do so in Dahmer’s short 34 years. A fourth generation police officer and a ten year veteran of the Milwaukee police dept., he’d been recently promoted to a detective in the Criminal Investigation Bureau, an “elite homicide unit”. Kennedy’s method of dealing with suspects was to kill them with kindness, offering them cigarettes and coffee, and trying to connect with them as people, to gain their trust and give them some dignity. This was the key to getting through to Dahmer, and it worked- Jeffrey Dahmer’s confession is known as one of the most thorough and insightful confessions of all time. Plied with plenty of coffee and hundreds of packs of cigarettes over the course of six weeks, Dahmer discussed the grotesque and often disturbing details of his 17 murders: drugging, raping, mutilating, and on three occasions, eating his victims. Kennedy describes this experience as life changing, and he found himself surprised at how much he connected with one of the most dangerous and cold hearted murderers in the last century. Working with Jeffrey Dahmer had a massive impact on his life: six years sober at the point of Dahmer’s arrest, Kennedy fell back into drinking. He got divorced and fell into a depressive state. He says for one of his birthdays he had no telephone and no TV, just a bottle of whiskey that he drank while crying alone.
However, the case ended up changing him for the better: he quit the police department and went to graduate school in 1999 to get his PhD in police education and training with the goal of changing policy in how the Milwaukee police force relates to their city’s neighborhoods. A driving force for this focus was how the department handled the case of Konerak Sinthasomphone, a 14 year old disoriented Laotian boy who was handed back to Jeffrey Dahmer hours before being murdered by him because of the rampant culture of racism and homophobia, Dahmer being the only other white man in an all-black area who convinced the cops he and the boy were “lovers”. Kennedy wanted to do his part in examining why racism and homophobia were so rampant, and investigate effective procedures for preventing stories such as Konerak Sinthasomphone’s. In fact, Kennedy’s contract for The Jeffrey Dahmer Files, states that he receives no money from the award winning film, but instead it goes to an athletic league in Milwaukee’s inner city, because he wanted “to try to help stop something like this from happening again”. He also taught Criminal Justice at the University of Wisconsin as well as Marquette University in the hopes of passing along his priceless insight and knowledge.
Tragically, Patrick Kennedy passed away on April 18, 2013; he was 59 years old. He is survived by his three children and his ex wife. He is immortalized in his memoir, Dahmer Detective, as well as in the film The Jeffrey Dahmer Files. His contributions to the field of forensic psychology as a whole are immeasurable: he remains an inspiration to all those interested in the minds of killers, and is an example of the importance of compassion and empathy.
“I concentrated on the man himself. The most surprising thing was how very much like me and other regular people he was. In between sessions or during lunch, I pulled out the daily Milwaukee newspaper and read aloud what was being reported. Dahmer perused the latest info on the case, and we discussed other current world events. He was intelligent and articulate, pleasant and polite at all times. The give and take between us went so smoothly that anyone observing would conclude that we were friends. He displayed all the normal human emotions of love, fear, anger, and loneliness during these conversations, and it was only when we returned to his deeds that a distinct "other" personality emerged. Sitting erect and emotionless, he slipped into a trance-like monotonous state as he described the horror of his actions, his blue eyes glazed over and lifeless. Only then did I feel the chill of evil. It was extraordinary.”
Extract from “Grilling Dahmer” book. Fanart by me.
If you’re interested to know more support the author and get the book!
! On a personal note, I always found the relationship between the two men fascinating, and I’m a bit sad we got nothing of Dahmer and Kennedy together, so I decided to draw a moment of the two together. “If we don’t have any photos of the duo, then I’ll create one by myself”, that’s what I told myself. However, I ask to be respectful with this drawing of mine, since I’m still reluctant about posting it. I feel like drawing something about this case can be very delicate, I don’t want to be disrespectful in any way and mostly I don’t want to glorify Jeffrey Dahmer. If you don’t mind, I ask to do not save/post this somewhere else in other socials without my consent. Let’s keep it here and let’s consider it as a “journalistic” piece, since my intent was to document a specific scene which happened. Hope you can understand, thank you!
"Jeffrey is a very, very, very private person," said his lawyer, Gerald Boyle. “He's very cordial, very polite, very, very ashamed of what he is."
His demeanor changed only once. The afternoon the case went to the jury, he carried into court a copy of a supermarket tabloid with his picture on the corner. The headline read: ‘Milwaukee Cannibal Kills His Cellmate.' The accompanying story said Dahmer also ate the man.
"Isn't it amazing what they come up with?" Jeff quipped, flashing the tabloid which had been doctored to include The Milwaukee Journal's masthead.
Jeffrey Dahmer, 1978
The hernia operation
In the year 1964, the three/four year old kid Jeffrey Dahmer, complained due to a pain in the groin area. The doctors found out he suffered from a double hernia, and soon after that he got operated. The recovery isn’t been easy for the kid, the pain was a lot and he even asked if they cut out his penis.
The operation is been traumatic indeed. He was very little, left in the hands of the doctors who he didn’t even know. He was left in a unfamiliar place where strangers operated him in a very private part, while he was immobilized, unable to react, while doctors could see the inside of him. As much as this is the procedure and doctors simply did their job, this was a huge trauma for Jeffrey Dahmer to digest, and it’s when he lost trust in doctors.
The corpses
Jeffrey Dahmer had this morbid fascination towards dead bodies. It was since the early adolescence he went looking for roadkill, dissecting the dead animals he found on the road. He cut them up all along the stomach, from neck to the groin area, exposing the internal organs, to then end preserving the bones.
In the adult age the dissection shifted on human corpses. At first it was born as a necessity to dispose the bodies, but then Dahmer found pleasure on cutting them, exposing the organs. He was attracted by the inside and he loved to place his hands between the innards and feel them. Like in the adolescence years, he preserved and kept the bones of the victims.
A withdraw man
The eldest son of the Dahmer family has never expressed his feelings but kept all to himself. The difference between the two Dahmer brothers was big, while David Dahmer was an extrovert, charismatic and successful boy, Jeffrey was an introvert, quiet and locked up man. He didn’t talk with family, he’d rather preferred to express himself in other ways like his brother remembers “[Jeff] never learned to be open with his feelings of frustration . . . he went out to the forest by himself and cut down trees for firewood.” (The Shrine of Jeffrey Dahmer). Indeed he felt lot of anger but yet he kept all inside.
When his mother was taken to an hospital due to her mental health, Jeffrey blamed himself for his mother’s illness and wanted to keep the house calmer as possible. He didn’t want to be a trouble and so made himself isolated. His father instead, tried to make him exit from his isolation. He tried to made the son interested in sports or hobbies, but none of that resulted successful. But it was the father himself who apparently made the son so withdraw and private, teaching him how to control his emotions and be quiet. But both father and mother didn’t give him too much attention at the end, they decided to ignore the signals thinking it was just the way Jeff was and there wasn’t nothing wrong at all.
“A little private world”
As the puberty came Jeffrey Dahmer realized his thoughts and sexual desires weren’t sane and normal at all. He started fantasizing about lifeless bodies he could explore while they were still, he even targeted a jogger hoping he could hit him with a baseball bat to make him unconscious. Adding to that he knew of his sexual orientation, but knowing he wouldn’t have meet the favor of his family he kept this secret to himself.
When he started to accept the thoughts, he put everything together and called the place where he kept them “a little private world”. It was a metaphor he used to describe his welcomed lifestyle where he was free to live and act how he wanted. At job or with his family he hid the thoughts and acted normally while inside of him he had a whole horror world he exposed only in gay bars or indoors his home.
Jeffrey Dahmer was a terrifying person and no one should forget that
Because of the Dahmer Netflix series, always more people approached the case and informed themselves by reading books or following old interviews. Jeffrey Dahmer’s figure is been brought back and became subject of discussion worldwide again after 30 years. He became a trend topic but it has also aroused much criticism, especially from the families of the victims.
But Jeffrey Dahmer was different, he was a unique type of serial killer, and this is the reason why he made people feel so fascinated. His crimes were gruesome, horrible and extreme, something that the human mind struggles to understand, yet Jeffrey Dahmer wasn’t a sadistic psychopath and he felt some kind of remorse too. At the end, he also wanted and tried to help victims’ families he felt sorry to. He’s indeed a man who surprised people with his behaviors and so many people came close trying to figure him out. But like a double-edged sword, some people’s response isn't all puppy dogs and rainbows.
Jeffrey Dahmer in 1991 in his first court appearance - via The Milwaukee Journal
People felt close to him, after the news broke out many people find themselves to feel for Jeffrey. It’s not a very big new news, the most infamous serial killers always found out themselves having “groupies” often assisting at their trials, or people writing to them stating how similar they felt. In the worst occasions, it was a case of Hybristophilia.
In modern days the same thing is happening and it’s too easy to forget the man’s abhorrent crimes. Too easily people tend to minimize the eerie of the acts, making appear Jeffrey like a wounded victim as well. Jeffrey suffered for some things too, and had a couple of mental diseases. It was undeniable that he too was a human being and displayed of human emotions. “Humanising” a serial killer is not a bad thing, it makes us realise we don’t have a monster but another person. Defining a criminal “monster” or “devil” only help us to dissociate from him, not considering him “one of us”. It makes us feel safer, having a demoniac entity to point the finger to, but the sad truth criminals are humans as well. Jeffrey was human.
Jeffrey Dahmer during Inside Edition interview with Nancy Glass in 1993.
But in the other side, some people tended to overemphasize the man’s problems too much, and made him become a new victim. But Jeffrey Dahmer was a murder first of all and took the life of 17 innocent people. He was selfish and careless, he saw people as objects for his own sexual purposes and he disposed of them when they were no longer needed.
“Reflecting on the invitation, Jackson remembered how he and Dahmer were outside on the rear landing. Dahmer on the steps going upstairs to the second floor while Jackson was below. Dahmer starred straight ahead, transfixed, never looking at Jackson when he extended the invitation.”
- From ‘Monster The True Story of Jeffrey Dahmer Murders’. Writer Anne E. Schwartz describes the meeting she had with a Oxford Apartments tenant Doug Jackson
Jeffrey Dahmer was aware of what he was doing, and even if he knew it was wrong, he allowed himself to act how he wanted. His modus operandi was the same: inviting the person at home, drugging them, raping them, killing them, using the corpse how he wanted to then disposing the body. Jeffrey Dahmer was responsible for the following crimes:
Serial murder
Rape
Child molestation
Sexual assault
Sexual harassment
Public nudity
Necrophilia
Cannibalism
Jeffrey Dahmer victims. From left to right: Steven Hicks; Steven Tuomi; James Doxtator; Eddie Smith; Oliver Lacy; Matt Turner; Ricky Beeks; Richard Guerrero; Ernest Miller; David Thomas; Joseph Bradehoft; Curtis Straughter; Errol Lindsey; Anthony Hughes; Konerak Sinthasomphone; Anthony Sears; Jeremiah Weinberger
“Konerak, colloquially known as ‘Khum’ or ‘Kolack’, was a friendly, high-spirited youngster who did not make enemies. The next evening, Saturday, 25 May, he went to a party at Crystal Palace with Laotian friends. On Sunday morning he took a shower at 10 a.m., then went downtown. That was the last time his brother saw him. The brother was called Somsack; for Konerak Sinthasomphone was about to be the second member of this immigrant family to fall into the hands of Jeffrey Dahmer”
- The Shrine Of Jeffrey Dahmer
Jeffrey’s first victim was named Steven Hicks. It was 1978 and Jeffrey was just 18 years old. He found himself alone at home and decided to take a ride with his car. It’s when he met Steven, a hitchhiker, and together reached Dahmer’s house to have some fun. June 18 1978, the last day Steven Hicks was seen alive, his parents were waiting for him to come home to celebrate his dad’s birthday. Dahmer killed him because he didn’t want to let him go, he tried to dispose the body throwing the parts from a ravine he knew but when a police office stopped him he decided to spread the rests on the yard behind his house. After 9 years he tried to behave correctly trying to moderate his impulses, but in September 15, 1987 he fell again and Steven Tuomi, a 24 years old man, became his second victim. Dahmer put him in a suitcase and disposed of the body at the grandma’s house. Following these two killing accidents, many more would follow, and Dahmer would eventually surrender. He gave in to his impulses, making a total of 17 victims, among which two were minors of 14 years old of age. In between of the years before the homicides arrest, Dahmer was arrested for other crimes as indecent exposure, disorderly conduct and sexual assault of a 13 year old boy, Somsak Sinthasomphone. After that he was followed by probation officer Donna Chester, they had to meet twice a week, and even if Dahmer was a cooperative client, he never expressed himself about the crimes he was committing and he didn’t seek for help. He continued to commit his crimes, drugging and raping attractive gay men he found, killing some as well. He kept rests of the victims, reducing what was left to three black garbage bags, and so from a day to another a human being was wiped off the face of the Earth. And more he continued, less careful he became, turning himself into a killing machine. He lost his job, he was going to loose the apartment as well, but he was only interested to follow a sexual pleasure, trying to find more boys to carry home. He wondered around the place unstoppably asking from a man to another to come to his house, when the escape of Tracy Edwards followed and Dahmer was subsequently arrested.
From left to right: Shirley Hughes, mother of Tony Hughes; Catherine Lacy, mother of Oliver Lacy; Dorothy Straughter, mother of Curtis Straughter
“One of his workmates, Richard Burton, was driving with a friend when he saw him standing on a street corner and gave him a ride. Dahmer said he wanted to get out of Wisconsin and go to Florida. Burton wished him luck, and he got out. To his friend, Burton said he thought Jeff had ‘lost it all’ – no job, no friends. A little later he spotted him again talking to a black man at a bus-stop.
On 21 July, after dismembering the body of Joseph Bradehoft, he was wandering around the Grand Avenue Mall where, in two separate incidents, he propositioned Hispanic men with the invitation to earn money by posing for pictures and watching videos. They were Joseph Rosa and Ricardo Ortiz. Both refused.
The events of 22 July depict a mind at once unfocused, listless, and delirious, unhinged. Dahmer got up late, in the midst of his human debris, and went out for a beer. Sopa Princewill accosts him in the corridor with a 40-ounce bottle, and warns him that he may not last until his lease runs out at the end of the month – he may be evicted sooner because his place smelt so awful. He listens, but does not react in any noticeable manner. He goes downtown and is walking along 3rd Street near Wells Street at 2 p.m. when he sees a black man sitting on a sidewalk bench. This is twenty-year-old Ormell Holmes. He asks Holmes if he wants to earn $50. What do I have to do for that? asks Holmes. Pose for pictures and drink some rum. Holmes indicates that he is not interested in that kind of thing, and Dahmer moves on. He approaches another man in the same street, with the same result.
He now goes to his favourite haunt, the Grand Avenue Mall, and has some fast food. He is seen there at 3.30 talking to a man on one of the benches. A little later, he asks a sixteen-year-old black boy called Anderson to come home with him and watch movies, and his offer is again declined. At 4.30 Dennis Campbell, who works at Milwaukee’s famous German restaurant, Karl Ratzch’s, is in the Mall with his girlfriend Julie Weyer, and goes to the men’s room on the first floor. Having urinated, he is drying his hands on a wall dryer when the door opens and a scruffy white man with several days’ growth of beard walks in and stands behind him, then moves beside him. There is no long preparatory choreography. The white man says straight out, ‘Do you want to make fifty dollars real quick?’ ‘Doing what?’ says Campbell. ‘Come to my apartment and watch videos.’ ‘I don’t think so,’ says Campbell, and the man, whom he thought ‘weird, creepy and very unusual’, says, ‘O.K.’ He told Julie about it afterwards and she laughed.”
- The Shrine of Jeffrey Dahmer
Hey! Important magazines that reveal different positions and relevant information on the Dahmer case.
Jeff Dahmer and his prom date Bridget Geiger
Dahmer's attorney Gerald Boyle and legal assistant Wendy
Original copy of People Magazine
We all know about the atrocities of the Milwaukee Cannibal, but what drove him to commit such acts?
Dahmer pled guilty but insane before the actual trial. Psychiatric experts testified that he knew right from wrong, regardless of psychological state. So what did Dahmer suffer from, and how did this impact his crimes?
Psychological Summary
There are many different possible diagnoses for Jeffrey Dahmer. Upon psychological inspection, many different possibilities arose for Dahmer’s mental state.
Antisocial Personality Disorder
Perhaps the most obvious diagnosis, APD is a disorder that has been flirted with by psychologists to explain Dahmer’s behaviour. It is catagorised by the following:
- Exploit, manipulate and violate the rights of others - No remorse or regret - Irresponsible, no regard for social norms - Very few long term, meaningful relationships - Problems with temper and frustration - Lack guilt for their actions - Blame others for their own short-comings - Break the law consistently
This may seem like, on the surface, an appropriate diagnosis for Dahmer. However, the way in which he killed, and his self professed reasons for doing so, do not fit the criteria. Many psychologists deny this as the driving force behind his crimes, as his motives seemed to be propelled more by insecurity, self gratification and instability, rather than anger.
Autistic Development Disorder
Many children suffer from a form of Autistic Spectrum Disorder, which inevitably carries through to adulthood. It is categorized by the following:
- Social & communication difficulties - Exhibit behaviours that other would deem “different” and “repetitive” - Intense obsessions - Is often coupled with Social Anxiety and General Anxiety Disorder - Monotonous or flat speech - Uncomfortable with human touch
No two people present the same Autistic behaviors, so categorization is difficult.
Jeffrey Dahmer developed from a very young age an obsession with bones, namely animal bones. Lionel Dahmer (father) said in his book “A Fathers Story” that he encouraged this behavior, as he felt it may lead to a career in the medical field. He ultimately viewed this obsession as a harmless one.
In school, Dahmer had a lot of trouble with social interaction. He spoke of this himself in a later interview from prison, stating that “The subtleties of social life were beyond my grasp. When children liked me, I did not know why. Nor could I formulate a plan for winning their affection. I simply didn’t know how things worked with other people…. And try as I might, I couldn’t make other people seem less strange and unknowable”
Experts that assessed Dahmers behaviour, say that there is a connection between Aspergers and sexual development, aggressive behavior and low mood.
Borderline Personality Disorder
After molesting a 13 year old, psychologists found Dahmer to be uncooperative, angry, manipulative and emotionally unstable. He later told his probation officer that his life lacked meaning and purpose. Could this empty feeling, coupled with an unstable disposition be a sign of BPD?
Categorization:
- Emotional Instability - Disturbed patterns of thinking or perceptions - Impulsive and reckless behavior - Unstable sense of self - Extreme fear of abandonment and rejection - Intense and unstable relationships with others - Obsessive behaviors such as obsessing over other people
In his confession, Jeffrey Dahmer said he murdered the men to prevent them from leaving and abandoning him. This intense fear of being “left” is very common among BPD sufferers, and this, coupled with his extreme denial of his homosexuality (unstable sense of self) may make BPD a likely diagnosis.
Personality Disorder Not Otherwise Specified; with Schizoid, Antisocial, and Schizotypal Traits
Psychiatrists that assessed Dahmer found that they were unable to conclude what afflictions he suffered from. The above diagnosis was given.
How would JD have been treated on the outside?
There are many different therapies that are available for the above mental health problems. Below is a selection of these that may have been implemented:
Borderline Personality Disorder
- DBT - Dialectical Behavioural Therapy Coupled with medication for related depression and anxiety
Aspergers - A combination of Social Skills Training, Speech and Language therapy, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Applied Behavioral Analysis and Medication
Many psychologists also think that a combination of Psychotherapy, Psychopharmacology and Hormone Therapy would have helped Dahmer to live a functional life.
How was Dahmer treated in prison?
Dahmer received no official therapy in prison for his mental health issues, other than the pastoral care of the prison minister. He converted to Christianity whilst in prison. Was this a genuine move one Dahmer’s part to seek forgiveness and live a better, more fulfilling life? Or was it yet another desperate attempt to fit into a group and establish an identity for himself?
Had Jeffrey been given the opportunity to receive quality mental health assessments and care, some believe he could’ve served as a “guinea pig” in how to treat extreme deviance such as this.