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Johannes Kepler (December 27, 1571 – November 15, 1630), a key figure in the 17th century scientific revolution was born 444 years ago today.
The three laws of planetary motion are Kepler’s most well-known but far from his only contributions to astronomy. His 1604 Astronomiae Pars Optica is credited with founding modern optics, describing the process of refraction inside the human eye and the means by which two eyes gives us depth perception. His book Stereometrica Doliorum (1615) was the basis of integral calculus. Kepler was also the first to suggest that the Sun orbits around its own axis, and he invented an improved version of the refracting telescope and a bunch of other things.
Now, his name lives on with Kepler space telescope launched in 2009 to discover Earth-like planets orbiting other stars.
portrait by carolla13