Gardner Megadome (também Conhecido Como Vitruvius T1):

Muitos observam o pôr do Sol, poucos observam o pôr da Lua, raríssimos são aqueles que contemplam os pôres do Sol e da Lua simultaneamente!

📅 Data de registro: 5 de agosto de 2024 às 18:26

Urano e seus anéis fotografado em 24 de Janeiro de 1986 pela sonda Voyager 2.

Enquanto a Lua passava em frente do Sol durante o eclipse total do dia 21 de Agosto de 2017, um fotógrafo da NASA capturou uma foto que pode ser considerada mais rara do que o próprio eclipse.

Joel Kowsky, um dos editores de fotografia da agência, foi até Banner no Wyoming, para ver o eclipse total do Sol, quando ele fotografou a Estação Espacial Internacional passando na frente do Sol crescente.

Abaixo você pode ver um vídeo que foi feito usando uma câmera de alta velocidade que registrou 1500 frames por segundo. Ele também fotografou a ISS com uma câmera padrão.

Essa alta velocidade é necessária pois a ISS tem o tamanho de um campo de futebol, orbita a Terra a cerca de 300 km de altura e se move a uma velocidade 17500 milhas por hora.

Para fazer esse belo registro é necessário um pouco de sorte e meses e meses de planejamento.

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Conjunction: Mars, Venus and Moon

by Stefan Grießinger

NASA and Star Trek

Star Trek debuted in September 1966 and in its various incarnations, the series has been an inspiration to many, even some of us at NASA. The series allowed its fans to explore “strange new worlds” and to dream of what could be right in their living rooms. To celebrate the show’s 50th anniversary, we’ve collected some Trek-themed photos featuring Star Trek cast members and NASA astronauts. 

Serious Business

The STS-54 crew of the space shuttle Endeavour in their official “gag” photo are costumed as the bridge crew of the Enterprise as depicted in the movie “Star Trek II: The Wrath of Khan.” The photo was taken on the Star Trek Adventure set of the Universal Studios California theme park in Los Angeles, California, while the crew was on a west coast training and public relations tour during the Summer of 1992. From left to right: 

Greg Harbaugh (Mission Specialist/Engineering Officer)

Mario "Spock” Runco Jr. (Mission Specialist/1st Officer/Science Officer) 

John Casper (Commander/Captain) 

Susan Helms (Mission Specialist/Communications Officer) 

Don McMonagle (Pilot/Navigation-Helm Officer) 

“I have been, and always shall be, your friend”

Astronaut John Creighton shows the on board Graphical Retrieval Information Display (GRID) computer, which displays a likeness of Mr. Spock aboard STS-051G, June 18, 1985.

“A Keyboard… How Quaint”

Actor James Doohan (who played engineering genius Montgomery Scott in Star Trek) sits in the commanders seat of the Full Fuselage Trainer while astronaut Mario Runco explains the control panel during a tour of Johnson Space Center on Jan. 18, 1991. 

“You Wanted Excitement, How’s Your Adrenaline?”

Actress Nichelle Nichols (Uhura in Star Trek) toured Johnson Space Center in Houston on March 4, 1977, while Apollo 12 lunar module pilot and Skylab II commander Alan Bean showed her what it felt like inside the Lower Body Negative Pressure Device and showed her how the Shuttle Procedures Simulator operated. 

Nichols paid us another visit in 2012 and 2015 with the Space Traveling Museum. 

Infinite Diversity, Infinite Combinations

European Space Agency astronaut Samantha Cristoforetti gave the Vulcan salute aboard the International Space Station shortly after the passing of Leonard Nimoy on Feb. 28, 2015. She commented on Tweeter: “ ‘Of all the souls I have encountered.. his was the most human.’ Thx @TheRealNimoy for bringing Spock to life for us”

Live Long And Prosper

While visiting Johnson Space Center in Houston, TX, George Takei (Hikaru Sulu on the original series) had the chance to exchange Vulcan salutes with Robonaut on May 29, 2012. 

“Let’s See What’s Out There”

Scott Bakula, who played Captain Jonathan Archer on Star Trek: Enterprise, stands with astronauts Terry Virts and Mike Fincke on set. The two astronauts made guest appearances on the series finale episode “These Are The Voyages …” March 2005.

Boldly Going For Real

Above is the crew of STS-134, the next to last shuttle mission, in their version of the 2009 Star Trek movie poster. 

The crew of Expedition 21 aboard the International Space Station also made a Trek-themed poster in 2009, wearing uniforms from Star Trek: The Next Generation with the Enterprise NX-01 silhouette in the background.

Learn more about Star Trek and NASA.

Make sure to follow us on Tumblr for your regular dose of space: http://nasa.tumblr.com 

Detectando Ondas Gravitacionais Com a Missão GAIA - Space Today TV Ep.1057

As ondas gravitacionais, para quem ainda não sabe, tem um espectro, assim como a radiação eletromagnética tem o seu.

Esse espectro é chamado de espectro gravitacional.

Dentro do espectro gravitacional, atualmente, com o LIGO e VIRGO nós só conseguimos detectar ondas gravitacionais provenientes da fusão de buracos negros de massa estelar e da fusão de estrelas de nêutrons.

Essas, digamos, são ondas gravitacionais com frequências mais altas.

Mas lógico que existe a ideia e a vontade de se detectar ondas gravitacionais de frequências baixas.

Essas são produzidas, por exemplo, pela colisão de buracos negros supermassivos.

Nós já avançamos um pouco nesse sentido, já que a tecnologia da LISA, um detector espacial nos moldes do LIGO já foi testada e promete funcionar.

Existe também, como já falei aqui a técnica de usar os pulsares, a chamada Pulsar Timing Array.

Essa técnica é interessante, pois ela usa a observação dos pulsares, e calcula a mudança na frequência aparente dos pulsos com relação à passagem de uma onda gravitacional, gerada pela fusão de buracos negros supermassivos, por exemplo.

com base nessa ideia, um grupo de astrofísicos está propondo algo maravilhoso.

Eles querem usar a missão GAIA, da Agência Espacial Europeia, que mede com precisão a posição de bilhões de estrelas na Via Láctea como um detector de ondas gravitacionais de baixa frequência.

Para isso, a ideia é usar não a variação de pulsos dos pulsares, mas sim a aparente modificação na posição das estrelas observadas pela GAIA, ou seja, suas oscilações para detectar as ondas gravitacionais.

A passagem de uma onda gravitacional, que acaba causando uma oscilação no tecido do espaço-tempo, muda a posição das estrelas, a polarização da onda gravitacional pode ser detectada e assim teríamos a detecção de um tipo novo de onda gravitacional.

A vantagem é que a missão GAIA já está em funcionamento no espaço, já faz essas medidas, ou seja, essa aplicação pode ser testada a qualquer momento.

Os astrônomos realmente viram que o estudo das ondas gravitacionais pode trazer muitos novos conhecimentos sobre o universo, e entender os buracos negros supermassivos é algo que os deixa muito animados.

Vamos aguardar por novidades nessa área.

Imagem feita com 8 frames com High Dynamic Range destacando os detalhes da superfície da Lua durante a totalidade do #Eclipse2017 - by @johnkrausphotos

What is it Like to Visit Jupiter?

Jupiter is the largest planet in our solar system. For some perspective, if it were hollow, more than 1,300 Earths could fit inside of it! The giant planet contains two-thirds of all the planetary mass in the solar system and holds more than dozens of moons in its gravitational grip. But what about a visit to this giant planet?

Let’s be honest…Jupiter is not a nice place to visit. It’s a giant ball of gas and there’s nowhere to land. Any spacecraft – or person – passing through the colorful clouds gets crushed and melted. On Jupiter, the pressure is so strong it squishes gas into liquid. Its atmosphere can crush a metal spaceship like a paper cup.

Jupiter’s stripes and swirls are cold, windy clouds of ammonia and water. Jupiter’s Great Red Spot is a giant storm BIGGER THAN EARTH! This storm has lasted hundreds of years.

Since Jupiter’s atmosphere is made up of mostly hydrogen and helium, it’s poisonous. There’s also dangerous radiation, more than 1,000 times the lethal level for a human.  

Scientists think that Jupiter’s core may be a thick, super hot soup…up to 50,000 degrees! Woah!

The Moons

Did you know that Jupiter has its own “mini solar system” of 50 moons? Scientists are most interested in the Galilean satellites – which are the four largest moons discovered by Galileo Galilei in 1610. 

Today, Galileo would be astounded to know some of the facts about these moons. The moon Io has active volcanos. Ganymede has its own magnetic field while Europa has a frozen crust with liquid-water underneath making it a tempting place to explore for future missions.

When Juno arrives to Jupiter on July 4, it will bring with it a slew of instruments such as infrared imager/spectrometer and vector magnetometer among the half a dozen other scientific tools in its payload.

Juno will avoid Jupiter’s highest radiation regions by approaching over the north, dropping to an altitude below the planet’s radiation belts – which are analogous to Earth’s Van Allen belts, but far more deadly – and then exiting over the south. To protect sensitive spacecraft electronics, Juno will carry the first radiation shielded electronics vault, a critical feature for enabling sustained exploration in such a heavy radiation environment.

Follow our Juno mission on the web, Facebook, Twitter, YouTube and Tumblr.

Make sure to follow us on Tumblr for your regular dose of space: http://nasa.tumblr.com

⭐️ Cultura: O Triunfo Do Povo ⭐️

What are Gravitational Waves?

Gravitational waves are ‘ripples’ in the fabric of space-time caused by some of the most violent and energetic processes in the Universe. Albert Einstein predicted the existence of gravitational waves in 1916 in his general theory of relativity.

Einstein’s mathematics showed that massive accelerating objects (such as neutron stars or black holes orbiting each other) would disrupt space-time in such a way that ‘waves’ of distorted space would radiate from the source (like the movement of waves away from a stone thrown into a pond). Furthermore, these ripples would travel at the speed of light through the Universe, carrying with them information about their cataclysmic origins, as well as invaluable clues to the nature of gravity itself.

The strongest gravitational waves are produced by catastrophic events such as colliding black holes, 

the collapse of stellar cores (supernovae), coalescing neutron stars or white dwarf stars, the slightly wobbly rotation of neutron stars that are not perfect spheres, and the remnants of gravitational radiation created by the birth of the Universe itself.

hough gravitational waves were predicted to exist in 1916, actual proof of their existence wouldn’t arrive until 1974, 20 years after Einstein’s death. In that year, two astronomers working at the Arecibo Radio Observatory in Puerto Rico discovered a binary pulsar–two extremely dense and heavy stars in orbit around each other. This was exactly the type of system that, according to general relativity, should radiate gravitational waves. Knowing that this discovery could be used to test Einstein’s audacious prediction, astronomers began measuring how the period of the stars’ orbits changed over time. After eight years of observations, it was determined that the stars were getting closer to each other at precisely the rate predicted by general relativity. This system has now been monitored for over 40 years and the observed changes in the orbit agree so well with general relativity, there is no doubt that it is emitting gravitational waves.

Since then, many astronomers have studied the timing of pulsar radio emissions and found similar effects, further confirming the existence of gravitational waves. But these confirmations had always come indirectly or mathematically and not through actual 'physical’ contact.

That was the case up until September 14, 2015, when LIGO, for the first time, physically sensed  distortions in spacetime itself caused by passing gravitational waves generated by two colliding black holes nearly 1.3 billion light years away! LIGO and its discovery will go down in history as one of the greatest human scientific achievements.

How are gravitational waves detected?

When a gravitational wave passes by Earth, it squeezes and stretches space. LIGO can detect this squeezing and stretching. Each LIGO observatory has two “arms” that are each more than 2 miles (4 kilometers) long. A passing gravitational wave causes the length of the arms to change slightly. The observatory uses lasers, mirrors, and extremely sensitive instruments to detect these tiny changes. Watch the animation below to see how this works!

Lucky for us here on Earth, while the origins of gravitational waves can be extremely violent, by the time the waves reach the Earth they are millions of times smaller and less disruptive. In fact, by the time gravitational waves from the first detection reached LIGO, the amount of space-time wobbling they generated was thousands of times smaller than the nucleus of an atom! Such inconceivably small measurements are what LIGO was designed to make. To find out how LIGO can achieve this task, visit LIGO’s Interferometer. 

Source: LIGO & spaceplace.nasa.gov

Image credit: LIGO/VIRGO (SXS, the Simulating eXtreme Spacetimes) &  NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center